Foreign Law: A

Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Andorra
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Arabic Democratic Republic of Sahara
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan

Afghanistan

Constitution

• Constitution (Afghanistan's National Assembly)(in English).
• Constitution(Afghanistan's National Assembly)(in Dari/Farsi).
• Historical Constitutions (in Arabic) (Online Center for Afghan Studies).
• Constitutions of  1923,  1987,  1990.
• Constitutional Commission.

Laws and Legislation

• Collection of Afghan Laws (in  English)(International Development Law Organization).

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.
• Procedures for Afghanistan's Emergency Loya Jirga.(UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan).  April 1, 2002.

Government

• Afghan Politics: An Overview.
• Agreement on Provisional Arrangements in Afghanistan Pending The Re-establishment of Permanent Government Institutions. "Bonn Agreement". December 5, 2001.
• Agreements and Treaties (Islam Katalog).
• Interim Government Members (Afghanland).
• Political Parties and Leaders in Afghanistan.
• Government and Politics. Link .

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Afghanistan Annual Report (Asian Development Bank).
• Afghanistan Reconstruction and Development Services Official Website.
• Afghanistan Country Operations (Asian Development Bank).
• Afghanistan: Drug Situation Report 2001 (U.S. Department of State).
• Afghan Embassies Around the World.
• Afghanistan Law Guide (University of Michigan Law Library).
• United Nations High Commission for Human Rights. Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in Afghanistan. Documents.
• United States Public Affairs Program for Afghanistan.
• The Soviet Union and Afghanistan, 1978-1989 (Russian and East German Archives ).
• Women's Health and Human Rights in Afghanistan (Physicians for Human Rights).

Albania

Constitution

• Constitution ( Albanian President's Website)
• Constitution (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht).
• Constitution (Legislation Online).

Laws and Legislation

• Selected Laws (Legislation Online).

Codes

• Code of Criminal Procedure (Rule of Law Through Technology).
• Criminal Code (Rule of Law Through Technology).
• Criminal Code (Legislation Online).

Laws by Subject

• Please visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Government

• Albania: U.S. and Albanian Business and Government Contacts (U.S. Department of State): at page 34.
• Albanian Parliament (in English and Albanian ).
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs (English version).
• President (official website) (in Albanian).

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Albania (Documents regarding legislative change.) (European Commission for Democracy through Law)( Council of Europe's advisory body on constitutional matters) .

Algeria

Constitution

• Constitution (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht).
• Rules of the Constitutional Council (Constitutional Council).

Laws and Legislation

• Journal officiel algérienne démocratique et populaire or al-Jaridah al-rasmiyah - al-Ju-Dimuqratiyah al-Sha biyah. 1963 to current online. Available in French and Arabic. (Click on Journaux at the top of the page, then choose the date from the drop down menu and calendars provided. Each page has significant download time (1.5 mins) and no load activity indicator is provided, so be patient.)
• Legislation and Codes (lexadin) (in French and few English titles).

Codes

• Insurance Code (lexalgeria) (in French).
• Civil Code (Algerian Law Portal) (in French and Arabic).
• Commercial Code (lexalgeria) (in French).
• Family Code (Ministry of Justice via Cornell University) (in French).
• Penal Code (lexalgeria) (in French).
• Civil Procedure Code (lexadin) (in French).
• Penal Procedure Code (lexalgeria) (in French).
• Intellectual and Industrial Property Code (lexalgeria) (in French).

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Jurisprudence

• Constitutional Council (in French).
• Court of Accounts (in French).
• Supreme Court (In Arabic).

Government

• National People's Assembly (NPA) (in English,French and Arabic).
• Presidency of the Republic (in French and Arabic).
• National Council (in French and Arabic).
• National Economic and Social Council (in French).
• National Office of Statistics (in French, English and Arabic).
• Ministry of Justice(In French).
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in French and Arabic).
• Ministry of Finance (in French).

Legal Directories

• ISLAW: Algeria (University of Leipzig) (English version).

Guides

• Research Guide to Algerian Law (LLRX).

Other

Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.

Andorra

Constitution

• Constitution (in English) (Andorramania).
• Constitution (in English) (Council of Europe).
• Constitution (in French) (Representacio de S.E. Coprincep Frances).

Laws and Legislation

• See Butlletí oficial del Principat d'Andorra in paper (available online for a fee).

Codes

• Civil, Immigration and Administrative Codes and the constitution (in French)(Representacio de S.E. Coprincep Frances).

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Government

• General Council (in French, English, Spanish and Catalan).

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.

Angola

Constitution

• Constitutions  (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht).
• Constitution (ICL-International constitutional law).
• Law on the Amendment of the Constitution (UN-1992).

Laws and Legislation

• GLIN (Library of Congress: indexes the Diário da república. I série : orgão oficial da República de Angola the official gazette of Angola) (Not full-text).
• Chronology of Legislation (1993-2001) (Not full-text) (National Assembly).
• Chronology of Resolutions (1992-2001) (Not full-text) (National Assembly).
• Recent Legislation (Government of Angola).

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Government

• Assembleia Nacional (in Portuguese).
• Cabinet Commission for Laws (in Portuguese).
• Embassies Library of Congress(in English).
• State News Agency (in Portuguese).

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• National Bank of Angola.(in Portuguese).

Antigua and Barbuda

Constitution

• Constitution (Georgetown University).

Laws by Subject

• Please visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Jurisprudence

• Privy Council Decisions.
• Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court.

Government

• Government of Antigua and Barbuda.
• Eastern Caribbean Central Bank.

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Guide to Caribbean Law Research (LLRX).
• Trade Policy of Antigua and Barbuda-Selected Documents(SICE)(Includes,national trade policy,government trade policy overviews,national development strategy papers ,information on agreements,regulations,standards and the investment climate.
• Organisation of the Eastern Caribbean States.

Arabic Democratic Republic of Sahara

See Western Sahara

Argentina

Constitution

• Constitution ( University of Wuerzburg).
• Constitutions from 1994 and 1853 (Georgetown University).
• National Constitution (in Spanish) (Senate).
• Provincial Constitutions (in Spanish) (Senate).

Law and Legislation

• Argentina Justice Portal (in Spanish) (Electronic Government).
• SAIJ- Argentina Legal Information System (includes National and Provincial Legislation, National Decrees, Summaries of Jurisprudence, Doctrines, MERCOSUR Decisions and Resolutions.) (In Spanish) (Password required) (Ministry of Justice, Security and Human Rights).
• Argentinian Legislation (ARGENT;ARGLEG) [Lexis; password required].
• Boletín Official (in Spanish) (Password required).
• InfoLeg (in Spanish) (Ministry of Economy): includes constitution, laws, codes and other legal information in searchable database.  Can be searched by number of legislation (norma) and official bulletin number.
• Laws (in Spanish) (Camara de Disputados) Browsing by law number and advanced searching is available.
• v/Lex (in Spanish) (legal database).

Codes

• Argentine Databases including various codes (ARGENT) [Lexis; password required].
• Civil Code (in Spanish) (InfoLeg).
• Civil and Commercial Procedure Code  (in Spanish) (InfoLeg).
• Codes (in Spanish) (InfoLeg): various federal and provincial codes.
• Electoral Code (in Spanish) (Ministry of Justice, Security and Human Rights).
• Mining Code  (in Spanish) (InfoLeg).
• Penal Code (in Spanish) (InfoLeg).
• Penal Procedure Code (in Spanish) (InfoLeg).
• Public Ethics Code (in Spanish) (Ministry of Justice, Security and Human Rights).

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Jurisprudence

• National and Provincial Courts  (in Spanish) (list of weblinks) (Argentina Justice Portal).
• National Judicial Authority (in Spanish) (official website of the courts).

Government

• Central Bank of Argentina. (in Spanish and English).
• Chamber of Deputies  (in Spanish) (official website: includes databases of administrative decisions, new laws (in Spanish), laws and other documents under "Bases de Dados.")
• Ministry of Justice, Security and Human Rights (in Spanish)(official web site: Diverse information including reports, proposals, and summaries of legislation from the Boletin. You may also subscribe to the Boletin Official).
• National Foreign Trade Commission. (in Spanish, English and Portuguese). 
• National Industrial Property Institute.
• Presidency (official website) (in Spanish).
• Senate (official website) (in Spanish).
• U.S. and Argentine Government Contacts (from the Department of Commerce Country Commercial Guide).

Guides

• Research Guide to Argentinian Law (LLRX).

Legal Directories

• Legislaw (in Spanish) (from Legislaw).

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Argentina: The Judicial System in Numbers (justice statistics) (Argentina Justice Portal).
• Trade Policy Documents (SICE).

Armenia

Constitution

• Constitution (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht).
• Constitution (President Official Website).
• Constitution (Ministry of Foreign Affairs).
• Election System(International Foundation for Election Systems).
• Declaration of Independence (Ministry of Foreign Affairs).

Law and Legislation

• Laws of the Republic of Armenia (parliament official web-site)(in English,Armenian and Russian). Under alphabetical listing, various codes can be accessed.

Codes

• Civil Code (http://www.parliament.am).
• Customs Code (Armenian Embassy to the U.S.).
• Electoral Code (Electoral Code of The Republic of Armenia). Adopted by the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia, on February 5,1999.
  

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

Jurisprudence

• Constitutional Court.   http://www.concourt.am 
  (link provided by Armenian Government Website)

Government

• Government.(In English, Russian and Armenian).
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
• President (official website:  includes Presidential decrees under "Library").
• Parliament  (in English and Armenian) (official website: includes a list of Laws).

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Armenia (documents regarding legislative change) (European Commission for Democracy through Law).
• Armenian National Institute (study of genocide).
• Online Legal Dictionary: (English-Armenian-Russian).
• Taxation (brief summaries of Armenian income, corporate and foreign ownership tax systems) (Armenian Embassy to the U.S.).

 Australia

Research Guides

• Harvard Law School Library Guide to Researching Australian Law

Austria

Constitution

• Constitution (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht)
• Constitution (Legal Information System of the Republic of Austria (RIS)).

Legal Databases

• Rechtsinformationsystem des Bundes  (German language site providing links to federal, state and municipal laws and draft bills; Federal Law and State Law Gazettes; and full-text case law from the: Constitutional Court (1980-), Administrative Court (1990-), Supreme Court, Independent Administrative Tribunals (1991-), Independent Federal Asylum Board (1998-), Environmental Senate, Federal Public Procurement Review Authority, Data Protection Commission. Search manual (in German only) should be consulted as searching by article and paragraph number can be tricky.)  (English information page is available) (Bundeskanzelamt).

Law and  Legislation

• Bundesgesetzblatt Austrian Official Gazette from 1790 through Bundesgesetzblatt. (in German).
• Bundesgesetzblatt; (in German) from ALEX (Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek) .
• Austrian Laws in English(Through Legal Information System of the Republic of Austria (RIS)(Last Update November 2008)
• Parliamentary Material  (in German) (includes bills (Gesetzesvorschläge) from the current session of the Nationalrat with complete legislative history)  (Parliament).

Law by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.

 

Jurisprudence

• Administration Court (decisions) (Rechtsinformationssystem).
• Constitutional Court (VfGH) ( includes decisions from 1997). 

Government

• Federal Chancellery (in German).
• Federal Ministries (in German) (Bundeskanzelamt).
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (in German)
• Ministry of Justice. (in German)
• National Bank. (in German)
• Patent Office. (in German)
• U.S. and Austrian Contacts (Chapter XI of the Department of State Country Commercial Guide).
• Vienna Stock Exchange.  (in German)

Legal Directories

• Directory of Government Services (in German) (Administrative Development Division of the Federal Ministry of Public Service and Sports).
• Juristische Links (in German) (Peter Mader und Jürgen Zahrer).
• Jusline (Law Portal).
• Lawyer's Information Forum.  (in German)
• Legal Search Engine. (in German)
• Legislation, Legal Databases and Government Departments (list of links) (Dieter Kronegger).

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Investing In Austria (also contains brief summaries of relevant legislation) (Preslmayr & Partner)(in German and English).
• Rechtsdatenbank (in German) (commercial legal data base with full text search in all important Austrian legal journals).

Azerbaijan

Constitution

• Constitution (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht).

Codes

• Criminal Code ( in Russian) ( Legislation Online).
• Criminal Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan ( in Egnlish).
• Labor Code (in English) (International Labor Organization- NATLEX).

Laws by Subject

• Please also visit the sites listed under Subject Specific Foreign Law Metapages.
• Local Elections (Legislation Online).

• Jurisprudence

• Constitutional Court (Constitutional Court)(in English,Azari and Russian).

Government

• President  (official website).
• Ministry of Economic Development.
• National Bank.( in Azari and English).
• Small and Medium Enterprise Development Agency.
• U.S. and Azerbaijan Contacts (U.S. Department of State Country Commercial Guide).

Guides

• Research Guide to Azerbaijan Law (LLRX).

Other

• Please also visit the sites listed under  Foreign Law Metapages.
• Azerbaijan (documents regarding legislative change) (European Commission for Democracy through Law).
• Azerbaijan The Asian Development Bank provides a number of fact sheets, country reports, project summaries including legal initiatives and more. (Asian Development Bank).
• Foreign Investment (summary and citations to legislation relevant to foreign investment and energy resources) (Black Sea Energy Review).
• Azerbaijan Media Law Commentary (Internews Russia).