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Notable Internet Resources 2004

This is the archive of the Notable Internet Resources columns from 2004. Notable Internet Resources is produced by the Langdell reference department as a service to the Harvard Law School community. The Notable Internet Resources archive may be browsed by date or by topic.

Notable Internet Resources provides annotated links to resources on a topic of interest to the Harvard Law School community. Once published, no effort is made to ensure the links remain current or accurate. This archive is provided for informational purposes only. Please contact the Langdell reference desk, (617) 495-4516, located just off the reading room on the fourth floor of Langdell Hall with any questions.

Notable Internet Resources Listed by Date:

January 5, 19

         

May 10, 24

         

September

February 2, 16

June 7, 21

October 15

March 1, 15, 29

July 7, 19

November 8

April 12, 26

August

December 20

Notable Internet Resources Listed by Topic:

Blackmun, The Papers of Harry Andrew Blackmun (June 21)
Brown v. Board of Education (April 12)
Citation Indexes (December 20)
Corporate Governance (March 15)
Digital Collections (February 16)
Election Information Online (February 2)
Election Law (October 15)
Finding Information About Other Countries: Part 2 (January 5)
Food Law & Policy (November 8)
Getting Ready For Summer: "GRFS" (May 10)
Iraq News (July 19)
Jury Verdicts and Settlements (June 7)
Military Law (May 24)
Movie and Entertainment Law Sources (March 1)
TRACfed (March 29)
RIA Checkpoint (January 19)
Same Sex Marriage (April 26)
War (July 7)

Notable Internet Resources 2004 Archive:

January 5: Finding Information About Other Countries: Part 2

Other sites providing country information include:

CIA World Fact Book
(http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html)

Like its print counterpart, the CIA’s online World Fact Book is one of the best resources for finding in-depth and up-to-date descriptions of countries worldwide. The Fact Book covers over 265 countries as well as providing a ”world” view that summarizes and ranks data and information from the country listings where possible. Two additional useful features are available: the ability to compare national statistics in the Guide to Country Information, by choosing a category, then choosing a field. Maps and flags are also available.

Council on Foreign Relations
(http://www.cfr.org/index.php)

The Council on Foreign Relations is a nonpartisan, national membership organization, think tank, and publisher, dedicated to the belief that the well-being of the United States is tied to the peace and prosperity of the rest of the world. In furtherance of its mission to raise America’s understanding of the world and foreign policy issues, the Council’s Web site is an excellent source of up-to-date, authoritative information about terrorism and other international issues of concern. Resources are organized by region and by 14 policy topics. Each area or topical section provides links to: commentary by Council experts on the region or topic; articles from Foreign Relations and other Council publications; op-eds, articles, interviews, transcripts and videos; and links to related information such as history, United States policy, country background, news, research guides, and must-reads. Keyword searching of the site is available.

U. S. Department of State
(http://www.state.gov)
International Information Programs
(http://usinfo.state.gov)

Among the information available on the Department of State’s Web site are Background Notes of general information about the countries of the world, written by the Department’s regional bureaus. Country topics include people, history, political conditions, economy, geography, defense, foreign relations, relations with the U. S., and travel and business. The site also has general information on travel and living abroad and State Department statements on topical international issues.

The Web site of the Bureau of International Information Programs provides news and information on world regions and topics of international interest, with less country-specific information.

National Geographic Country Profiles
(http://plasma.nationalgeographic.com/mapmachine/facts_fs.html)

Among the many excellent resources on National Geographic’s Web site are profiles for countries of the world, American states, and Canadian province. Country profiles are brief, but most link to three formats of map, including a printable page-size map, and to the CIA World Fact Book entry for the country profiled.

NewsDirectory.com
(http://www.newsdirectory.com)

NewsDirectory is a guide to online English-language media, including newspapers, magazines, and TV stations around the world. A subscription may be required to access some newspapers or their archives.

(Compiled and edited by Janet Katz, katz@law.harvard.edu)

January 19: RIA Checkpoint

The library is pleased to announce its recent subscription to RIA Checkpoint (http://checkpoint.riag.com/login?iploc=harvuniv).

RIA Checkpoint provides a common web interface to numerous RIA tax and accounting publications. RIA Checkpoint will be familiar to users of Westlaw on the web.

RIA Checkpoint organizes resources under two tabs: Research and Newsstand.

The Research tab provides access to materials in several practice areas including: Federal, State & Local, Estate Planning, Pension & Benefits, International, and Payroll. Once you have selected a practice area, you may access materials by browsing the table of contents or by citation and keyword search. Search or browse topical indexes from multiple publications by clicking the Index link. Several additional research methods are provided including the very useful Form/Line Finder.

Advanced search functions include Boolean and proximity connectors, the Thesaurus/Query Tool, and pre-designed templates for citation searches, State and Local research, and Tax Treaty information.

Go to the Newsstand tab for quick access to various RIA journals and newsletters including: RIA Tax Watch, Federal Taxes Weekly Alert, Cummings’ Corporate Tax Insights, State and Local Taxes Weekly, International Taxes Weekly, Pamela D. Perdue's Pension & Benefits Update, Pension and Benefits Week, Howard Zaritsky’s Estate Planning Update, Estate Planners Alert, Payroll Guide Newsletter, and Corporate Finance Weekly Alert. For most journals, links are provided to articles from a preview of the upcoming issue as well as the current and prior issues. In addition, an entire issue may downloaded in pdf format.

Click the WG&L Journal Previews link to read upcoming articles from the following journals: Corporate Taxation (WG&L), Journal of Taxation, Journal of Multistate Taxation and Incentives, Journal of International Taxation, and Practical Tax Strategies.

Click the Help link located in the upper-right corner of the screen for detailed help. The comprehensive RIA Checkpoint User Guide is available at: http://www.riahome.com/main/support/ckptqrc.pdf

Certain personal customization features such as Options and My Folders are not available under our subscription plan.

Access to RIA Checkpoint is limited to members of the Harvard Law School community and is controlled by IP address. Please contact the Langdell reference desk (617-495-4516, langref@law.harvard.edu) for information about off-campus access.

(Compiled and edited by Michael Jimenez, jimenez@law.harvard.edu)

February 2: Election Information Online

On Tuesday, November 2, 2004 the President, one third of the United States Senate and the entire House of Representatives of the 109th Congress will be elected. Additionally, many states will select their Governors. The following is a select list of resources pertaining to the 2004 general election as well as information about U.S. election law in general.

Federal Election Commission
(http://www.fec.gov/elections.html)

The Federal Election Commission (FEC) administers and enforces the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA), the Act governing the financing of federal elections. The FEC discloses campaign finance information, enforces the limits and prohibitions on contributions in accordance with the FECA, and oversees the public funding of Presidential elections. The FEC web site provides data and campaign finance reports for both Presidential and U.S. Congressional elections, information on political action committee or “PAC” contributions (through 2000), annual reports (through 2002), and a list of PACRONYMs (or acronyms referring to various PACs). Regarding the 2004 election, the site provides 2004 Presidential Campaign Matching Fund Submissions for each candidate.

Guide to Law Online: Election Law
(http://www.loc.gov/law/guide/elections.html)

An online guide to election law provided by the Library of Congress. Among other things it includes a bibliography of sources pertaining to election law, an American Memory Learning page about the election process, a CRS memorandum regarding the Electoral College, as well as a guide entitled Researching Election Campaigns & Elections Online.

The Green Papers: United States General Election 2004
(http://www.thegreenpapers.com)

A megasite for information about the 2004 Presidential election. The main page provides current awareness information about the 2004 general election as well as background information on election related topics such as the nominating process. The site also provides information about state elections including the positions that are up for election, statistical information about the states, and links to the candidates’ web-sites.

WatchBlog: 2004 US Election News, Opinion and Commentary
(http://www.watchblog.com)

WatchBlog is a multi-editor weblog broken up into three major political affiliations, each with its own blog: the Democrats, the Republicans and the Third Party (covering everything outside the two major parties).

(Compiled and edited by Elizabeth Lambert, elambert@law.harvard.edu)

February 16: Digital Collections

The rapid growth of library digital collections, both in number and sophistication, is transforming the research process creating new relationships between researcher and source materials.

American Memory: Historical Collections from the National Digital Library
The Library of Congress National Digital Library
(http://memory.loc.gov)

American Memory is a gateway to primary source materials relating to the history and culture of the United States. American Memory offers digitized documents, photographs, recorded sound, moving pictures, and text from more than 100 historical collections, such as: Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860; Fifty Years of Coca-Cola Television Advertisements; and Reclaiming the Everglades: South Florida's Natural History, 1884-1934.

Making of America
University of Michigan and Cornell University
(http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/)
(http://moa.cit.cornell.edu/moa/)

Making of America is a digital library of primary sources in American social history from the antebellum period through reconstruction. The collection is particularly strong in the subject areas of education, psychology, American history, sociology, religion, and science and technology. Making of America provides access to 267 monograph volumes and over 100,000 journal articles with 19th century imprints.

South Central China and Tibet: Hotspot of Diversity
The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University
(http://arboretum.harvard.edu/library/tibet/expeditions.html)

South Central China and Tibet: Hotspot of Diversity integrates material from the collections of the Arnold Arboretum, the Harvard Map Collection, the Botany Libraries, the Museum of Comparative Zoology, the Harvard-Yenching Institute and the Harvard University Herbaria to provide online access to a selection of Harvard's historic and contemporary ethnographic and natural history collections related to western China and Tibet.

Women Working, 1870-1930
Harvard University Library Open Collections Program
(http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/)

The Open Collections Program seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of bringing together books, manuscripts, and images from across the Harvard Libraries and Museums and integrating them into a digital collection using the Web as a primary access tool. Working Women draws from materials in many of the Harvard libraries, including the Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe, the Baker Library of the Harvard Business School, the Harvard Law School Library, and the Harvard College Library.

Legal Portraits Online
Harvard Law School Library
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/special/collections/portraits/index.htm)

As part of its holdings of legal art and visual materials, the Harvard Law School Library owns a collection of over 4000 portrait images of lawyers, jurists, and legal thinkers dating from the Middle Ages to the late twentieth century. The collection is particularly strong in images of eighteenth and nineteenth century British and American lawyers, ranging from such well known historical figures as William Blackstone, Jeremy Bentham, John Marshall, and Joseph Story to many lesser known jurists and legal educators. Librarian Eldon R. James and Dean Roscoe Pound began the collection in the first quarter of the twentieth century as an adjunct to the School's “basic collection” of paintings and sculpture. It has continued to grow significantly over the years, and today constitutes a major resource for images of lawyers and jurists that have shaped our Western legal heritage.

(Compiled and edited by Michael Jimenez, jimenez@law.harvard.edu)

March 1: Movie and Entertainment Law Sources

Internet Movie Database (“IMDb”)
(http://us.imdb.com)

A free site for non-commercial use, IMDb provides a large, searchable collection of movie and television information. Currently holding over six million individual film/TV credits, IMDb catalogs a variety of information about a movie or television show (including filming location(s), trivia, and cast) and makes the database searchable by these fields. For example, to search for movies and television shows filmed at Harvard, use the search “tips” link on the left hand side of the screen, access the index of searches, and run a free form location search for Harvard.

InfoPlease Entertainment Almanac
(http://www.infoplease.com/ent.html?link=tmplnav)

An almanac of arts and entertainment information, InfoPlease provides a host of ready reference information. Among other things, it provides a retrospective list of winners of various awards, such as the Pulitzer Prize, the Academy Awards, the Nobel Prize, and various performing arts, music, and broadcasting awards. InfoPlease links to other noteworthy sources such as the National Film Registry at the Library of Congress, and it provides a variety of movie and entertainment facts such as the American Film Institute's Top 10 Films of the Year and the All-Time Top Grossing Kids Films.

FindLaw Legal News: Entertainment
(http://news.findlaw.com/legalnews/entertainment/)

A current awareness source for entertainment law news, FindLaw’s site provides links to the day’s major stories in entertainment law, and it also links to headlines by genre (movies, television, sound recordings, and other entertainment). The headlines listed by genre currently provide about ten days worth of retrospective coverage. It is possible to search by newswire (Associated Press, Court TV, CSMonitor or Reuters) and the site provides a link to FindLaw’s Entertainment law guide (covering entertainment associations, as well as applicable government agencies, case law, and statutes).

LexisNexis Entertainment & Arts Library (LexisNexis ID required)
(http://www.lexis.com)

The Entertainment & Arts Library (located under the news and business tab, under the market and industry link) provides a variety of information about the broadcasting, book, theater, movie, music, television, and recording industry. Searchable materials include box office grosses, reviews, top ten lists, company reports, biographies, and individual news publications.

Westlaw Arts, Entertainment & Sports Law Database (Westlaw ID required)
(http://www.westlaw.com)

The Arts, Entertainment & Sports Law Database (located under the topical materials by area of practice link) provides a directory of lawyers, arbitration decisions, and arts, entertainment, and sports law news. The database also links to relevant law reviews, treatises, key numbers, and practice materials.

(Compiled and edited by Elizabeth Lambert, elambert@law.harvard.edu)

March 15: Corporate Governance

The Board Analyst (Harvard I.D. and PIN required)
(http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.eresource:boardana)

This database of information about company boards and directors is particularly relevant to issues of corporate governance from the viewpoint of shareholders. It allows performance comparisons of companies headed by individual directors with multiple board appointments, lists shares held by each director and includes information on company and director compliance with various standards of corporate practice.

The Corporate Library
(http://www.thecorporatelibrary.com)

This independent research firm and publisher of the Board Analyst also offers a free “Governance Research” service that provides summary overviews and recent developments news for such “spotlight topics” as accounting, shareholder rights, compensation, scandals and government regulation. The service also offers links to full text government documents and academic papers, institutional policies, standards and guidelines and advocacy group statements concerning corporate governance issues of interest to the general public.

The Global Corporate Governance Academic Network
(http://gcgan.som.yale.edu)

The GCGAN is a newly constituted scholarly research organization (February, 2004) the main goals of which are “to promote international exchange among scholars in all regions working on corporate governance through organizing conferences, seminars and workshops and the sharing of papers and data, with a specific emphasis on the enhancement of research in transition and developing countries through mentoring and capacity building.” The Network is headquartered at the International Institute for Corporate Governance, established at the Yale School of Management in 2001. Institute working papers and extensive corporate governance web links to other organizations and their resources are also accessible from the GCGAN site.

Global Corporate Governance Forum
(http://www.gcgf.org)

The GCGF is a World Bank executed trust fund founded by the World Bank Group and OECD. The Forum seeks to promote and fund projects that address corporate governance problems in low- and middle-income countries. The GCGF website “Library” provides recent discussion papers, “focus notes” and speeches by academic economists, government officials and consultants on issues critical to corporate governance efficiency and accountability in the context of international economic development. Also included is a directory of corporate governance projects by major public and private institutions around the world.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
(http://www.oecd.org/topic/0,2686,en_2649_37439_1_1_1_1_37439,00.html)

The OECD maintains an active interest in public and private sector interactions as they relate to issues of corporate governance that arise from multinational to sub national levels of economic activity. Among its major concerns are corporate responsibility, disclosure and accounting reform, entrepreneurship, guidelines for multinational enterprises, governance and privatization of state-owned assets and insolvency and corporate distress. The OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, currently undergoing revision, serve as the basis for the policy reform initiatives of regional Corporate Governance Roundtables from around the world. The OECD website provides access to speeches, working papers, reports and other publications documenting its activities.

SharkRepellent.net
(http://www.sharkrepellent.net/index.jsp)

Published by TrueCourse, Inc., a New York based financial research and consulting firm, this searchable database of corporate information crucial to takeover defenses of U.S. public companies encompasses a wealth of materials pertinent to corporate governance research. Retrievable from the service are thousands of company charters, bylaws and shareholder rights plans (poison pills) and answers to such questions as how the recent IPOs of a corporation have structured its governing board and voting terms or which companies incorporated in a given state have opted out of its takeover law. SharkRepellent.net is available only to members of the HLS community and is controlled by HLS IP address. To access the database simply click the gray “Login” button located near the upper left hand corner of the page, ignoring the “Required” login name and password. Entering information in any of the other boxes is also unnecessary. For general help and search tips click the Help link in the upper right corner of the screen.

(Compiled and edited by Terry Swanlund, swanlund@law.harvard.edu)

March 29: TRACfed

Departing from the usual presentation of selected websites on a theme, this issue of Notable Internet Resources discusses a new electronic resource available to members of the HLS community. (Access is controlled by IP address.)

TRACfed
(http://tracfed.syr.edu/)

The Law School Library recently subscribed to TRACfed, a database of the nonpartisan Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse ( TRAC) , associated with Syracuse University. ( TRAC also maintains a public site where less extensive data about six federal enforcement agencies is available free. http://trac.syr.edu/.) TRAC’s mission is: To provide the American people with comprehensive information they need to fairly judge the effectiveness of the federal government.

TRACfed is a comprehensive database of information about enforcement and other activities of the federal government. TRAC offers two main approaches to the data. TRAC Express quickly retrieve s pre-constructed data tables from TRAC's clearinghouse, providing broad views of statistics and trends. TRAC Analyzer opens TRAC's massive data sets to the user who can create custom data sets to analyze by custom specifications.

TRAC Express: Layers , Perspectives, Viewing Angles

The database is divided into six broad topical layers: Criminal Enforcement, Civil Enforcement, Administrative Enforcement, Federal Funds (Money), People and Staffing, and Community Context. TRAC Express offers views of the available data from different perspectives that vary from layer to layer. Within each layer’s perspectives, users can view the data from angles that focus on the chosen topic in a particular geographic unit, rank, or compare results by chosen factor.

Criminal Enforcement provides information about the criminal workload of the U.S. Attorneys Offices. Civil Enforcement currently focuses only on the civil workload of the U.S. Attorneys Offices, not including cases brought by other Department of Justice divisions or solely by other federal agencies. The Administrative Enforcement section currently contains information about only IRS audit and collection activities. TRAC will add more databases to both Civil and Administrative Enforcement as FOIA requests produce data about the enforcement activities of other agencies.

Federal Funds (Money) provides information about the distribution of federal funds for the full range of federal spending. Find out what the government is spending, what it is actually paying for, and who benefits, in actual, per capita, or inflation adjusted dollars, with comparative rankings and trends across federal judicial districts, states, or counties.

People and Staffing provides information about most executive branch civilian employees, broken down into four sections:

Community Context provides access to demographic information about the nation’s communities: counties, states, and federal judicial districts.

Going Deeper permits users to burrow into TRAC's layers of data for closer examination by defining subsets using any of a large number of criteria.

TRAC Analyzer: With TRAC Analyzer, users can create their own custom data-slices they can then analyze in a variety of ways. Creating customized tables from customized data generally takes longer than most TRAC Express requests. Users can request e-mail notification when processing is complete.

Web Locker: Users can set up Web Lockers to keep track of their requests. In TRAC Express, Web Locker keeps track of only the number of jobs a user has run in the current month, but not the output. Users of TRAC Analyzer can use Web Locker to store table output and data slices and to check the status of Analyzer job requests.

More Information

See examples of how the press, public interest groups, and the government have used TRAC at TRAC at Work: http://trac.syr.edu/tracatwork/.

TRACfed provides a Guided Tour on its web site. A more clearly-written introductory tool is the Quick-Start Guide, available in PDF on the web site.

April 12 : Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)

Argued December 9, 1952.—Reargued December 8, 1953.—Decided May 17, 1954.

The Opinion.

PDF of United States Reports. HOLLIS e-resource Hein Online. U.S. Supreme Court Library. (Requires Harvard ID & PIN.)
http://80-heinonline.org.ezp1.harvard.edu/HOL/Page?handle=hein.usreports/usrep347&id=557&collection=usreports

HTML with U.S. star paging from Cornell’s Legal Information Institute.
http://www2.law.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/foliocgi.exe/historic/query=[Group+347+U.S.+483:]([Level+Case+Citation:]|[Group+citemenu:])/doc/{@1}/hit_headings/words=4/hits_only
and from FindLaw. http://laws.findlaw.com/us/347/483.html

Sites below include contemporary photographs, links to primary documents, timelines for context, teaching materials for various age levels, and notices of ongoing celebratory events such as HLS’s Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education, 12-17 April 2004.

ABA Commission on the 50th Anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education.
American Bar Association.
http://www.abanet.org/brown/home.html
Charles J. Ogletree, Commission Chair. Resources: links to ABA Resources (including Law Day, May 1, 2004), Lessons, Websites.

Brown 50 Years and Beyond: Promise and Progress.
 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
http://www.naacp.org/BvBE/
Brown Quiz.

Brown v. Board.
Tolerance.org, a web project of the Southern Poverty Law Center.
http://www.tolerance.org/teach/expand/mag/#
Special anniversary section of Teaching Tolerance Magazine, Number 25, Spring 2004.

Brown v. Board of Education 50th Anniversary Commission.
 U.S. Department of Education.
http://www.ed.gov/brownvboard50th
Established by P.L.107-41 to promote anniversary events. Brown Briefs newsletter.

Brown v Board of Education National Historic Site.
 National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior.
http://www.nps.gov/brvb
Grand opening at Monroe Elementary School, Topeka, Kansas, May 17, 2004.

Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
 Street Law & The Supreme Court Historical Society Present…Landmark Supreme Court Cases.
http://www.landmarkcases.org/brown
Teaching resources and activities: Political cartoon analysis. Does treating people equally mean treating them the same?

Brown@50 : Fulfilling the Promise.
 Howard University School of Law.
http://www.brownat50.org
Annotated chronology 1501-2003. Cases & Other Law: The legal road to Brown…The road after.

In Pursuit of Freedom & Equality: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
 Brown Foundation for Educational Equity, Excellence and Research, with Washburn University School of Law.
http://brownvboard.org
Twelve-panel online exhibit. The Brown Quarterly, newsletter for classroom teachers.

School Desegregation.
The Civil Rights Project. Harvard University.
http://www.civilrightsproject.harvard.edu/research/deseg/deseg_gen.php
2004: Orfield & Lee, Brown At 50: King’s Dream or Plessy’s Nightmare?

Separate Is Not Equal: Brown v. Board of Education.
 Smithsonian National Museum of American History.
http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/index.html
Photos from yearlong exhibit opening May 15, 2004.

The Supreme Court and ‘Brown v. Board of Ed.’
 National Public Radio.
http://www.npr.org/display_pages/features/feature_1537409.html
Chief Justice Earl Warren’s manuscript drafts of the 1954 Brown ruling and the 1955 implementation decree. Listen to three-part series.

Teaching With Documents Lesson Plan: Documents Related to Brown v. Board of Education.
National Archives and Records Administration.
http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/brown_v_board_documents/brown_v_board.html
JPEG images include May 31, 1955 Judgment.

United States Supreme Court Records and Briefs.
Yale Law School Lillian Goldman Law Library.
http://curiae.law.yale.edu/search/casedetail?casecitation=347+U.S.+483
Digitized records and briefs (some “coming soon”), including Transcript of Record from U.S.D.C. for the District of Kansas, and transcripts of oral arguments. [No audio of oral arguments in OYEZ, http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/51/.]

The University of Michigan Library Digital Archive: Brown v. Board of Education.
http://www.lib.umich.edu/exhibits/brownarchive/index.html
“In support of the Winter 2004 LSA Theme Semester, ‘Fulfilling the Promise of Brown.’” Oral argument transcripts. Bibliography includes films and videos. School integration in northern urban areas. Sites of interest.

Words and Deeds in American History.
Library of Congress. American Memory.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/mccquery.html
Enter brown v board with drop down menu at Match this exact phrase and click Search. Note Justice Felix Frankfurter’s handwritten “with all deliberate speed” on Image 2 of Item 2.

The HOLLIS Catalog.
http://hollis.harvard.edu
Enter “brown v board” with quotation marks in the Keywords anywhere Search for: box. Formulate further searches using Subject: headings from the records retrieved.

(Compiled and edited by Naomi Ronen, ronen@law.harvard.edu)

April 26: Same Sex Marriage

Same-Sex Marriage: A Selective Bibliography of the Legal Literature
(http://law-library.rutgers.edu/SSM.html)

This site is maintained and updated by Paul Axel-Rute, originally published in September 2002, and very frequently updated. This bibliography picks up where his and Daniel J. Jacobs’ earlier bibliography, Same-Sex Marriages: a Selective Bibliography of Legal and Social Aspects," The Record of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, 51:687-696 (Oct.1996), (http://www-rci.rutgers.edu/~axellute/ssm.htm), left off. Provides numerous citations and links to web-based resources, articles pro and con regarding same-sex marriage, federal marriage amendment, federal and state legislative materials for the U.S. For countries other than the U.S., provides links or citations to laws or cases deciding the same-sex marriage/civil union debate.

Same Sex Marriage in Massachusetts
(http://www.bu.edu/lawlibrary/research/hottopic/marriage.htm)

Part of the Boston University Law School’s Research Hot Topic compilations, this page is maintained by David Bachman and updated frequently. It provides an in-depth summary to the developments of the Goodridge v. Department of Public Health case as well as numerous links to developments surrounding that case specifically and the same-sex marriage debate generally.

Stateline.org
(http://www.stateline.org/)

Nonpartisan, nonprofit online news publication that provides coverage of state government developments for all 50 states. Statistical data available daily, and updates can be provided by subscription to an email newsletter. Original stories prepared by staff journalists who track policy trends and emphasize developments and people who affect state policy. To search for recent articles on the same sex marriage debate, enter the keyword phrase “same sex marriage” to read articles from around the country; or search from within the State-By-State News page, selecting your particular state to limit your results.

Gay Marriage News
(http://www.gaymarriagenews.com/)

This site gathers daily updates on the latest news and developments regarding the same sex marriage debate from around the country, from nationwide newspapers and sources such as the Los Angeles Times, New York Times, CNN, WNBC, etc. Weekly recap emails available by subscription to an email newsletter. Provides numerous links to other organizations, web resources, and news sources related to same-sex marriage or gay and lesbian issues. “Editor’s picks” page highlights those articles, commentaries, and opinion articles which the editor feels are necessary to a complete understanding of the debate. While the editor strives to provide a variety of views, the editor’s picks do tend to favor articles that support same-sex marriage.

(Compiled by Terri Saint-Amour, tsaintam@law.harvard.edu)

May 10: Getting Ready for Summer ("GRFS")

The Harvard Law School Library is pleased to present its newest series of web guides entitled Getting Ready for Summer. Aimed at providing quick assistance for Harvard Law students working in law firms or public interest settings, the guides are divided into four broad categories: legal research basics, specialized legal research, state legal research, and legal research strategies. Guides range in topic from the basics of case law research to the more complex issues surrounding federal tax research. The following is a small sample of the guides that you will find on the Getting Ready for Summer web site.

Legal Research in the Firm Environment
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/services/research/guides/grfs/strategies/law_firm.php)

As noted in its introduction, “[r] esearch and writing in a law firm environment is different from researching and writing in law school. Understanding how it is different and adapting to your changed environment is a key factor in your success as a summer associate, and in your career.” This guide provides general advice about working in the law firm setting. (A guide about working in the Public Interest setting is forthcoming.) It includes information on strategies and law firm resources, as well as basic advice and tools for handling your first few research assignments.

Federal Administrative Law Research
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/services/research/guides/grfs/basics/administrative.php)

This guide describes administrative law sources and identifies various ways of locating primary administrative law documents online and in print. This site provides guidance for various administrative research issues such as finding a Code of Federal Regulations provision when you only have a topic or an applicable statute in mind. It also provides information about updating and citing regulatory provisions, locating administrative orders, locating Presidential documents, finding background information about administrative agencies, and locating other administrative law research guides.

California Legal Research
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/services/research/guides/grfs/state/california.php)

As one of three state law research guides (the others being Massachusetts and New York (forthcoming)), the California legal research guide provides information about primary and secondary sources pertaining to California state law. The guide includes information about major directories, treatises, state-based legal encyclopedias, digests, and California legal newspapers. The site also links to the major sources of information pertaining to California cases, regulations, and statutes.

Researching Legislative History
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/services/research/guides/grfs/specialized/legislative_history.php)

This guide describes the purpose and scope of legislative history research as well as the kinds of documents involved and the typical sequence of events in the Congressional legislative process. One of the best features of this site is its chart detailing online federal legislative history publications and their corresponding Bluebook citation rule numbers. The site also provides information about guides to legislative history information, bill tracking sources, secondary source current commentary, and information about state legislative history sources.

Federal Tax Law Research
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/services/research/guides/grfs/specialized/tax.php)

Given the myriad of sources pertaining to tax law, this guide seeks to identify the most important of these sources as well as provide a useful starting point for the beginning tax law researcher. This guide identifies tax related looseleaf services , federal tax laws, regulations and cases, and other primary materials that are issued by the Internal Revenue Service. In addition to providing guidance for using these sources, it also identifies which services are free or subscription-based and notes when the use of one service may be preferable to another.

Getting Ready for Summer Home Page
(http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/services/research/guides/grfs/)

This is the main entry point for the GRFS guide. Use this as a starting point to tour the site and become acquainted with all it has to offer. If you forget the URL, don’t worry. To find it, just click on Research Guides in the Services list on the Library’s home page. You’ll see a link to the GRFS guide at the top of that page.

(Compiled and edited by Elizabeth Lambert, elambert@law.harvard.edu)

May 24: Military Law

National Institute of Military Justice
http://www.nimj.com/

This site presents source documents for military law including regulations on enemy POWs and detainees, the Law of Land Warfare, the Military Judges’ Benchbook, the Manual for Courts Martial, and Military Commission procedures and instructions. There are also recent cases, reports, and commentary. NIMJ members are academics and practitioners with an interest in military justice.

Manual for Courts Martial 2002
http://www.usapa.army.mil/pdffiles/mcm2002.pdf

A primary document of military law, the Manual for Courts Martial sets out the procedural rules implementing the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The Uniform Code of Military Justice, which lays out the criminal law applicable to military personnel, is included as an appendix. See also the Manual of the Judge Advocate General, “JAGMAN”, for regulations implementing and supplementing the Manual for Courts Martial, http://www.jag.navy.mil/documents/JAGMAN2004.pdf.

Military Justice Fact Sheets
http://sja.hqmc.usmc.mil/JAM/MJFACTSHTS.htm

From the Judge Advocates of the Marines, this sectioned document explains many aspects of military law and military tribunal processes. Read succinct comparisons of military and civilian law on suspect rights, pretrial confinement, Article 32 investigations (indictment), trial procedures, and many other topics.

Military Law Reviews from LexisNexis (LexisNexis ID required)
http://www.lexis.com/research/xlink?searchtype=bo&source=lawrev;miltlr

Search the aggregated content of the Air Force Law Review (94-), Army Lawyer (95-), Military Law Review (82-), Naval Law Review (95-), and the USAFA Journal of Legal Studies (90-).

Military Cases on Westlaw (Westlaw password required)
http://www.westlaw.com/search/default.asp?DB=mj&RS=WLW3.0&VR=2.6

Search the online equivalent of the Court-Martial Reports (51-), and the Military Justice Reporter, (75-). These reports cover the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (formerly the U.S. Court of Military Appeals) and the military courts of criminal appeal (formerly Courts of Military Review).

Military-Related Cases on Westlaw (Westlaw password required)
http://www.westlaw.com/search/default.asp?DB=fmil-cs&RS=WLW3.0&VR=2.6

Search cases relating to militia, veterans, and the armed forces culled from general federal and state case law.

Annual Reports on Military Justice, 1997-2003
 http://www.armfor.uscourts.gov/Annual.htm

Authored jointly by the Code Committee on Military Justice, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, and the Judge Advocates General of the Armed Forces, these annual reports cover military justice caseload and outcome statistics in detail.

Military Law and Legal Links
 http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/awc-law.htm

The Air War College, a professional military school for officers, presents this list of links on military law, war crimes, military commissions, legal divisions of the armed forces, and more.

Military Law
 http://sja.hqmc.usmc.mil/jam/

From the Judge Advocates of the Marine Corps, this collection of links covers military justice generally but also has sections on officer misconduct and the homosexual conduct policy.

(Compiled and edited by Deanna Barmakian, barm@law.harvard.edu)

June 7: Jury Verdicts and Settlements

What's It Worth? (LexisNexis ID required)
http://www.lexis.com/research/xlink?searchtype=bo&source=litgat;worth

Published annually, "What's it Worth?" provides the value of body parts and psychological distress in personal injury settlements and jury verdict awards. Information is gleaned from Association of Trial Lawyers of America publications. Search or browse the table of contents. Entries provide facts, state, injury, plaintiff profile, attorneys, and the amount awarded. Hard copies of volumes from prior years are available from the library.
http://hollis.harvard.edu/F?func=find-c&CCL_TERM=SYS%3D%282428613%29&adjacent=

Jury Verdicts and Settlements (LexisNexis ID required)
http://www.lexis.com/research/xlink?searchtype=bo&source=litgat;allver

LexisNexis culls jury verdict and settlement information from many publications and aggregates them in this source. Publications covered include state-based verdict newsletters, trial court reporters, Verdict Search products, as well as JAS and Jury Verdict Review periodicals. Results provide fact summaries; attorneys; expert witnesses; amounts demanded, offered, and awarded; and the number of hours/days of jury deliberations. Coverage begins in 1984.

Jury Verdicts and Settlements on Westlaw (Westlaw Password Required)
Westlaw's comprehensive jury verdict database is not available to academic subscribers.
These databases contain jury verdicts not available in the LexisNexis source mentioned above.

Verdicts and Settlements from American Lawyer Media
http://www.westlaw.com/search/default.asp?DB=ALMVS-JV&RS=WLW3.0&VR=2.6
Search by keyword, award range, jurisdiction or date. Coverage begins in 1996.

Verdicts and Settlements from Jury Verdicts Review & Analysis
http://www.westlaw.com/search/default.asp?DB=JVRP-JV&RS=WLW3.0&VR=2.6
The database includes Zarin's Medical Liability Alert and may be searched by type of injury, award range and other parameters. Dates of coverage vary by state.

Verdicts and Settlements from LRP
 http://www.westlaw.com/search/default.asp?DB=LRP-JV&RS=WLW3.0&VR=2.6
Results cover jurisdiction, facts, attorneys, expert witnesses, and verdict or settlement amount. Coverage begins in 1987

Sealed Settlements in Federal Courts
http://www.fjc.gov/public/pdf.nsf/lookup/SealSet3.pdf/$file/SealSet3.pdf

The Federal Judicial Center released a report last month describing the frequency of sealed settlement agreements in U.S. District Courts. The authors examined 288,846 terminated civil cases from 2001 and 2002 and assessed the 1,270 that resulted in sealed settlements. An interesting table describes the rates of sealed settlements based on the nature of the suit. Most were personal injury, employment, contract, or civil rights cases. An appendix to the report contains local rules on sealed records.

Jury Verdict Review & Analysis Info Alerts
http://www.jvra.com/

Jury Verdict Review & Analysis, a publisher of verdicts and settlements offers free monthly email alerts covering recent jury verdicts. Note that only paying subscribers can see the complete publications.

(Compiled and edited by Deanna Barmakian, barm@law.harvard.edu)

June 21: The Papers of Harry Andrew Blackmun

On March 4, 2004, five years after his death, the papers of Supreme Court Justice Harry Andrew Blackmun (HLS 1932) became public. Known as a fastidious note-taker, the Blackmun Papers comprise one of the largest federal judicial collections in the Library of Congress. The Blackmun papers provide a unique perspective on the inner workings of the Supreme Court, landmark decisions such as Roe v. Wade, and constitutional history. The following is a list of sites about Harry A. Blackmun and the recently released papers.

Library of Congress: The Harry A. Blackmun Papers
http://www.loc.gov/rr/mss/blackmun/

The papers of Harry A. Blackmun (1908-1999) are housed in the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress. In anticipation of high research demand, the Manuscript Division made a major finding aid (410 pages) for Justice Blackmun's papers available on its Web site as well as digital images of select documents. The site includes videos and transcripts from the Blackmun oral history project, digitized images of some of the collection’s highlights, and an extensive bibliography. While the bulk of the material highlights his service as a judge on the Eighth Circuit and as a justice on the Supreme Court, there are items documenting his whole life including a few relating to Blackmun’s undergraduate and law school career at Harvard University.

Justice Harry Blackmun’s Papers
http://www.npr.org/news/specials/blackmun/

At the time of his gift to the Library of Congress, Justice Blackmun stipulated that his papers should not be opened to the general public until five years after his death. The terms of the gift instrument authorized the estate executors to grant access to researchers during that five-year period of time, and NPR's Nina Totenberg was one of three media representatives granted advanced access to the papers. In a series of reports, videos, and audiofiles complied on this site, Totenberg reports on the inner workings of the Court as revealed in the mountain of files and thirty-eight hours of oral history recorded by Blackmun. In addition to the multimedia sources available on this site, it also provides numerous links to other useful web resources about Justice Blackmun.

Online Newshour: The Blackmun Papers
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/law/supreme_court/blackmun/

This site includes a profile of Harry Blackmun, video and transcripts of a question and answer interview with Yale Law School Dean Harold Koh (who conducted more than thirty hours of oral history with Blackmun), a snap-shot of key issues and dissents during Blackmun’s tenure on the Court, and an interview with Edward Lazarus, a former Blackmun clerk. The site also features an interview with Justice Blackmun in which he talks about some of the key decisions during his time on the Court.

Compiled and edited by Elizabeth Lambert, elambert@law.harvard.edu)

July 5: War

Looking Back

Nobel e-Museum: Conflict Map
http://www.nobel.se/peace/educational/conflictmap/

The interactive Conflict Map provides a graphic and impressive way to see the wars of the world during the twentieth century. Drawing your cursor over the map’s time-line places icons representing conflicts of various types from the time period you’ve chosen in their geographic locations. Holding your cursor over an icon provides a brief description of the conflict, the parties, and the numbers of dead. Additionally, as you move your cursor, a table below the map displays by region the geographical distribution of the century’s Peace Prize laureates and nominees. A section called About the Conflict Map provides explanation of the categories of conflicts, a bibliography, and other useful references. An essay called Wars of the Twentieth Century and Noble Peace Prize Statistics also accompanies the map.

Imperial War Museum
http://www.iwm.org.uk/

The extraordinary collections of the Imperial War Museum in London cover all aspects of the twentieth and twenty-first century wars of Britain and the Commonwealth. In addition to providing information about visiting the museum, the IWM Web site opens its collections online for users of many levels. For the scholar, IWM Collections Online provides catalog access to over 160,000 items from its collections, organized into nine broad topics. Over 3,000 digitized highlights, with copies available by mail, include images and sound archives illustrating short essays. The Online Exhibitions are accessible for younger visitors as well as the general public, many including teaching materials. Among the exhibitions are those on Media and War: The Battle for Hearts and Minds, the Battle of Britain, Pearl Harbor, Gallipoli, the Greenham Common Women’s Peace Camp, Enigma and The Code Breakers, and an illustrated diary from WWII war artist Edward Ardizzone.

Now

War Report: Iraq War and Afghan Aftermath
http://www.comw.org/warreport/

The Project on Defense Alternatives provides this frequently updated collection of links to articles, documents, and analyses on the situations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Useful for keeping up with current news and reports, the site also archives materials by topic. A site search is also available.

Crimes of War
http://www.crimesofwar.org/

Lawyers, journalists, and scholars collaborate in the Crimes of War Project to “raise awareness of the laws of war” in hope that greater understanding will lead to greater interest in preventing war crimes and in punishing war criminals. The site features essays, analysis, and news about the application of the laws of war in current conflicts. A Resources section provides a bibliography, a timeline of treaties and conventions, and links to related Web sites. The Project also publishes an online magazine meant to appear six times a year, although the latest posted issue is from December 2003.

Looking Forward

International Crisis Group: CrisisWatch
http://www.icg.org/home/index.cfm

The International Crisis Group (ICG) is a private, multinational organization "committed to strengthening the capacity of the international community to anticipate, understand and act to prevent and contain conflict.” Field projects base political analysts in nineteen crisis-affected countries on four continents, where they assess local situations and produce regular analytical reports, making "practical recommendations targeted at key international decision-takers." ICG also publishes CrisisWatch, an online monthly bulletin, summarizing the previous month’s developments in situations of current or potential conflict, listed alphabetically by region, and alerting readers to potential new or significantly escalated conflict, and/or to a particular conflict resolution opportunity. CrisisWatch also summarizes ICG reports and briefing papers published in the previous month. An e-mail notification of new reports is available.

Compiled and edited by Janet Katz, katz@law.harvard.edu

July 19: Iraq News

The websites below are a sample of available news and information sources on Iraq.

Iraq Press Monitor
http://www.iwpr.net/index.pl?iraq_ipm_index.html

Published by the Institute for War and Peace Reporting, a London-based NGO that trains journalists in war zones and other areas of conflict, this website has, since February 2003, provided a survey of the main stories in Iraqi newspapers, choosing the 7 biggest stories of the day. Key news stories are the focus from Monday through Thursdays, with Fridays being reserved for the leading opinion columns. Articles are available in Kurdish, Arabic, and English. An archive of past issues is available online, categorized by date of the article or opinion piece.

National Security Archive
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/

Located at the George Washington University, the National Security Archive is a non-governmental, non-profit institution that is also the world’s largest non-governmental repository of declassified documents. Included on its web page are the Interrogation Documents Debating US Policy and Methods in Iraq, documents relating to Iraq and Weapons of Mass Destruction, as part of its sourcebook on Saddam Hussein. The documents in its archive were obtained from the US government through the Freedom of Information Act. To receive updates about the Archive, the Archive has a newsletter that can be subscribed to via email.

Iraq Daily
http://www.iraqdaily.com

Provided through the World News network, the web site culls its information from several international news sources including Reuters, Bloomberg, the Associated Press, and The Guardian. Information is organized by topics such as Economy, Energy, Photos, and Baghdad. The web site can be searched in 23 languages, including English. News updates can be provided by email on a daily basis.

Iraq Research and Documentation Project
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~irdp/index.html

The goal of the Iraq Research and Documentation Project (affiliated with Harvard’s Center for Middle Eastern Studies) is “to create a comprehensive, accessible, computerized, multi-media database system about the government, politics and civil society of modern Iraq basing itself on such hitherto inaccessible sources of information”. The web site includes two datasets – the North Iraq dataset (consisting of 4200 pages of documents) and the Kuwaiti dataset (consisting of more than 725,000 pages of documents collected after the country’s 1991 liberation). While access to the Kuwaiti dataset must be obtained directly from the IRDP, the North Iraq dataset can be searched through many categories: Annotations; Translations (a small subset); Issuing Agency; Concerned Locality; Regime Personnel; Topics; Political Affiliation; and Communal Affiliation. Information and documents have been gathered from numerous sources, both governmental and private sources.

Iraq Index: Tracking Variables of Reconstruction and Security in Post-Saddam Iraq
www.brookings.edu/iraqindex

Housed through the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, the Iraq Index is updated every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. While this index is compiled from information mainly obtained from the U.S. government, it is an independent, non-partisan in-depth look into the economic and security data associated with the reconstruction efforts taking place in Iraq. Statistics provided on various topics such as “crime, telephone and water service, troop fatalities, unemployment, Iraqi security forces, oil production and coalition troop strength” with charts that can be downloaded in pdf format.

Westlaw: Iraqi News Index database (Identifier: IRAQIND)
www.westlaw.com

With coverage from November 2001, this is an English-language digest of business, economic, and financial news articles that have been obtained from various news sources within Iraq. Password required.

Lexis: Iraq War News (Identifier: IRAQWR)
www.lexis.com.

With coverage mainly from the last 90 days (coverage varies per news source), this is an English-language library of news articles from various national and international news organizations within the U.K., U.S., Canada, Australia, France, Israel, and the Arab world. Password required.

Healing Iraq - Blog
http://healingiraq.blogspot.com/

Featured in recent articles in the Dallas Morning News and New York magazine, this is a weblog which posts observations and news on the ongoing operations in Iraq from the point of view of an Iraqi dentist. Photographs of demonstrations and other activities are posted. This blog contains many links to other Iraq-related weblogs, as well as Iraqi news sources and articles.

Compiled and edited by Terri Saint-Amour, tsaintam@law.harvard.edu

October 15: Election Law

This edition includes annotations of both free and fee-based web sites that provide a wide variety of information regarding federal, state and local elections, as well as election laws.

Election Law@ Moritz
http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/electionlaw/

This is a non-partisan website that provides information regarding election laws for the United States, individual states, and municipalities within the U.S. The site contains a regularly updated treatise on election law, entitled The e-Book on Election Law with chapters on the following subjects: Voter Eligibility, Candidate Eligibility, Campaign Practices, Voting Equipment, Voting Procedures, Voting Districts, Types of Elections, and General Principles. Numerous links to non-partisan organizations and governmental websites concerning state and federal elections and the processes involved, as well as links to election-related blogs and election news services. Those interested in receiving weekly updates regarding the site can receive such information through free weekly emails.

Westlaw: Presidential Election 2004 – Transcripts (Database Identifier: PRES2004-TRANS)
http://www.westlaw.com

With coverage beginning in January 2003, this database includes transcripts from “news and press conferences, briefings, media events, television news programs, campaign and convention speeches” regarding the 2004 Presidential election and campaign leading up to the election. The source of the transcripts is the Federal Document Clearing House. Password required.

Lexis: Federal Election Commission Advisory Opinions (Database Identifier: FECOPN)
http://www.lexis.com

With coverage beginning in 1991, this database includes advisory opinions of the Federal Election Commission regarding federal election campaign finance questions. Opinions are in letter format, with some footnotes and tables. In addition to including the advisory opinion year and number, as well as the requestor’s name and address, the commissioner’s written response is provided.

Federal Election Commission
http://www.fec.gov/index.shtml

Provides coverage of campaign financial reports and data, with image files of such reports dating back to 1993. Includes a searchable disclosure database regarding “who’s giving, who’s receiving?” Provides text of many federal campaign laws (some in PDF format), as well as text of commission regulations, advisory opinions, policy statements, and selected court documents and opinions relating to litigation involving the FEC.

Election 2004
http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/elec2004.html

Frequently updated, this web site provides numerous links with brief descriptions of the content of linked websites. While the site contains some state election and local election information (mainly for Michigan), coverage is mainly of the Presidential Election 2004. Comprehensive coverage is provided on policy issues at the forefront of the presidential election, such as same-sex marriage, Iraq, and terrorism.

DMOZ Open Directory Project on Election 2004
ttp://dmoz.org/Regional/North_America/United_States/Government/Elections/2004/

Well-organized, hierarchical directory of websites pertaining to local, state and national elections. In addition to providing links to federal, state and local candidates, numerous links provided on the following topics: election reform, electoral college, electronic voting systems, voter education, and electronic democracy.

FindLaw Special Coverage: Election 2004
http://news.findlaw.com/legalnews/lit/election2004/

News coverage updated daily, with a special focus on John Kerry, John Edwards, and John Ashcroft. Links provided to PDF and text documents of military records of John Kerry and George Bush. Brief summaries provided regarding major cases litigated by John Edwards, including verdict and settlement results. Text provided to 15 th Amendment (right to vote) as well as Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the National Voter Registration Act of 1993.

Compiled and edited by Terri Gallego O’Rourke (tgorourke@law.harvard.edu)

November 8: Food Law & Policy

The following web sites provide a wide range of food law and policy information relevant to issues of consumer health and safety in the United States and worldwide.

Codex Alimentarius Commission
(http://www.codexalimentarius.net/)

The Codex Alimentarius Commission was founded in 1963 by two United Nations agencies, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Its 165 member nations represent most of the world’s population. The purpose of the Codex, or Food Code, is to protect the health of consumers by encouraging harmonization of food standards among countries and by supporting fair practices in the international food trade. Its 16 volumes, available in full text at the Commission’s web site, include both specific food product standards relating to production, composition, appearance, etc., and general standards applicable to all foods. The latter standards set recommended limits on pesticide and veterinary drug residues in food and establish guidelines for regulating: food labeling, food additives, food hygiene, food and nutrition for special dietary purposes and inspection and certification of food imports and exports. The Commission adopts revisions to the Codex as deemed necessary by new scientific findings or other relevant information brought to its attention.

Consumers International
(http://www.consumersinternational.org)

Consumers international (CI) is an independent, non-profit global consumer advocacy organization. Founded in 1960 and supported by fees from its 250 member organizations in 115 countries and by foundation, government and multilateral agency grants, CI has developed model consumer protection laws in Africa, Latin America and the South Pacific. Its “campaigns and programmes” seek to promote the interests and empowerment of consumers worldwide in such critical areas, among others, as biotechnology, food security and safety and sustainable food production and consumption. Two major concerns of its current, four year “Food and Nutrition Programme” have been green food label claims in Europe and the United States and the hazards of genetically modified foods. CI’s survey results, research findings, policy briefing papers, manuals and guides, fact sheets and press releases – documenting its educational initiatives and efforts to influence national and international organizations - are all available for searching and downloading in English, French and Spanish at its web site .

The Food and Drug Law Institute
(http://www.fdli.org)

Founded in 1949, FDLI is a membership organization composed of manufacturers and suppliers/vendors of the medicines and medical devices, foods, dietary supplements and cosmetics that fall within the regulatory authority shared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, its Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition and other Government agencies. Additional membership categories include law firms, consulting and professional service groups, pr/marketing firms, research organizations and individuals from government and academia. The mission of FDLI is to provide an “impartial forum” for presentations, discussion and debate on major law and public policy issues concerning products crucial to public health and safety. To this end it sponsors numerous conferences, seminars and workshops and issues a variety of publications, including analytical legislative histories, statutory compilations and the Food and Drug Law Journal .

International Food Policy Research Institute
(http://www.ifpri.org)

Working in collaboration with farmers, scientists and policymakers, the IFPRI conducts research and maintains outreach programs that address issues of poverty and the promotion of food security and agricultural growth in developing countries. Separate Divisions of the Institute have included (1) Food Consumption and Nutrition (2) Environment and Production Technology and (3) Markets, Trade and Institutions. Institute publications and research findings, including raw data sets, can be searched and downloaded at its web site. IFPRI is funded largely by the 58 countries, regional and international organizations and private foundations that comprise the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR).

U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Food Safety and Inspection Service
(http://www.fsis.usda.gov)

The Food, Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) is the Federal agency charged with “ensuring that the nation’s commercial supply of meat, poultry and egg products is safe, wholesome and correctly labeled and packaged.” To meet this goal it conducts federal and state inspection programs that monitor the safety of these products whether sold in interstate, intrastate or foreign commerce. Pursuant to its enforcement authority, FSIS may issue Notices of Warning, refer cases to a U.S. Attorney for criminal prosecution or seek civil actions such as seizures or injunctions in federal court. An archived record of these regulatory enforcement activities appears in Quarterly Enforcement Reports, available at the Agency web site. The FSIS site also provides lists of recalled meat and poultry products and current year-decertified foreign export companies. Individuals or firms that are repeat drug, pesticide or other chemical residue violators are also listed. Another page at the site documents the current activities of the U.S. Codex Office, the FSIS located headquarters for U.S. contact with the Codex Alimentarius Commission.

Compiled and edited by Terry Swanlund (swanlund@law.harvard.edu)

December 20: Citation Indexes

Ever wish you could “shepardize” a non-law article? Well, you can! The ISI family of indexes, available in electronic form through the Harvard Libraries’ E-Resources, allow for “cited reference” searching, providing a way to trace a known article citation through subsequent articles that have cited it. These citation trails can be useful for discovering seminal works by an author, and for identifying newer works on the same subject matter.

ISI Indexes in Social Sciences, Science, and Arts and Humanities

The ISI “Web of Knowledge” consists of three indexes that may be searched separately or together:

Together, these indexes cover over 8,500 journals in a vast range of fields (including some law reviews and journals). Over a million new article references are added each year, and more than 25 million cited references are captured from the reference lists or bibliographies of these articles.

Using the Indexes for Citation Searching

All three indexes are accessible via the Harvard Libraries’ “E-resources” page: http://library.harvard.edu/e-resources/index.html. (Type in “ISI” as a keyword in the “Go to Any E-resource” box to get the list of all three.) No matter which index you choose from the E-Resources page, upon reaching the index’s home screen you will be given the option to search any combination of the databases by checking the appropriate boxes.

Each of these three indexes provides a “Cited Reference” search option on its main search screen. By selecting that option, you can search for citations to an author’s work by entering the author's name (“Cited Author”). You can also find citations to a particular article or book by entering the abbreviated journal/book title in which the work appeared (“Cited Work”). (A list of the proper abbreviations is provided.) You can even enter a patent number in the Cited Work search and find later patents citing the patent.

One easy way to search for citations to a particular article or book, is simply to retrieve the record for the known work by author and/or keyword. Within that record, a link for “Times Cited” will bring you to a list of later articles that cite the work you looked up. Because effective searching for a cited reference requires some very precise techniques, a tutorial on all the methods of effective citation searching is available by clicking on a link in the top right of the Cited Reference search page: http://wos9.isiknowledge.com.ezp3.harvard.edu/. In brief, it is essential to remember that cited author’s names must always be searched as a last name followed by a first initial and (if needed) an asterisk truncation symbol (allowing for a middle initial). Thus, to search for citations to works by the author David Luban, you would enter “Luban D*”. Of course, this search will also retrieve articles by Doris or Dexter Luban, but usually it is a simple matter to weed out undesired authors’ articles by noting the subject matter.

Once you have identified articles of interest, you can view the full citations, mark them for printing or downloading, or even set up an alert that will let you know when new articles make reference to the work. As with many other Harvard E-resources, clicking on the “Find It at Harvard” button will frequently allow you to link to the full text of the article, or tell you where it is available in the Harvard Libraries system.

Prepared by K. Storin, Head, Reference Services

Notable Internet Resources is produced by the Langdell reference department as a service to the Harvard Law School community. See the Notable Internet Resources Archive for past columns. The archive may be browsed by date or by topic.