Patrick Taylor

Patrick came to the fellowship with lengthy, intertwined experience in policy-making, health care and biotechnology legal practice, bioethics and academics.  He is a concurrent faculty member at Harvard Medical School and is Assistant Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School;  Director of Ethics Analysis and Applications in the Informatics Program Staff Scientist, Children's Hospital Boston, and Formerly Chief Counsel for Research Affairs at Children's Hospital.   His longstanding, multidisciplinary research interest is the mutual translation and evolution of law and policy imperatives in health care, science policy, biomedical research and biotechnology, in particular subjects in which law  poorly translates ethics, or, conversely, ethics’ claim to legal influence is  open to question. He has been actively involved, as a lawyer, on policy-making bodies embodying his ideas for new norms.

His writings, on subjects as diverse as stem cell research,  public engagement in science policy-making, the role of IRBs in research conflicts of interest,  justice and respect for persons in translational genomic research, clinical network development, patient-controlled electronic medical records, and the ethics of intellectual property, have appeared in Nature, Science, Cell, Nature Biotechnology, Science Translational Medicine, Cell Stem Cell, Academic Medicine, Science and Engineering Ethics, Drug Development, the Journal of the American Informatics Association, the American Bar Association’s Health Lawyer, the Journal of the New York State Bar Association and the New York Health Law Journal. A recent conceptual piece, Retroactive Ethics in Rapidly Developing Fields of Science, was advance published online and open source by Cell press, and became the centerpiece of Cell's successful efforts to mobilize scientific and public advocacy to revise the NIH's initial proposed funding guidelines.  A recent empirical study, critiquing the geographic, scientific and ethical adequacy of state payer mandates to cover patients' care costs associated with cancer clinical research, was advance published online with press notification in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, and its recommendations were included in the 2010 national health care reform legislation.  The leading scientific journal,  Nature, recently requested and published his comments on the district court decision stopping all federal funding of embryonic stem cell research.   He is a co-investigator on two NIH grants on returning individualized genetic research results to anonymized participants, accounts of which have been published in Science and Science Translational Medicine, and a consultant on a third, examining academic consulting arrangements.

At the Petrie-Flom Center, his work has focused on primarily on two issues: (1) industry-academic conflicts of interest related to biomedical research; and (2) evaluating judicial and administrative methods for determining "facts" relevant to science/ethics policy-making. This includes the methods courts use to determine congressional meaning, as well as administrative agency's  increasing use of bioethics to influence policy-making within legal systems committed to democratic values.  He will also continue various projects related to resolving clashes among ethical commitments, such as the conflicts among autonomy, public benefit and justice in biobanking and future research.

Selected Publications (chronological)

• Taylor PL. Academic Medicine. Clinical Integration and New Options for Academic Medical Institutions in Network Development. 1999; (74):213-220.

• Taylor PL. Clinical Researcher. IRB and Institutional Roles and Remedies in Managing Conflicts of Interest in Industry-Sponsored Academic Research. 2004; 3(4):2-6.

• Taylor PL. The gap between law and ethics in human embryonic stem cell research: overcoming the effect of U.S. federal policy on research advances and public benefit. Sci Eng Ethics. 2005 Oct; 11(4):589-616.

• Bourgeois F, Taylor P, Mandl K. A proposed legal framework for addressing privacy for patient controlled health records in pediatrics. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2006; 861.

• Daley GQ, Ahrlund Richter L, Auerbach JM, Benvenisty N, Charo RA, Chen G, Deng HK, Goldstein LS, Hudson KL, Hyun I, Junn SC, Love J, Lee EH, McLaren A, Mummery CL, Nakatsuji N, Racowsky C, Rooke H, Rossant J, Schaler HR, Solbakk JH, Taylor P, Trounson AO, Weissman IL, Wilmut I, Yu J, Zoloth L. Ethics. The ISSCR guidelines for human embryonic stem cell research. Science. 2007 Feb 2; 315(5812):603-4.

• Schlaeger TM, Lensch MW, Taylor PL. Science aside: the trajectory of embryonic stem cell research in the USA. Drug Discov Today. 2007 Apr; 12(7-8):269-71.

• Taylor PL. Research sharing, ethics and public benefit. Nat Biotechnol. 2007 Apr; 25(4):398-401.

• Kohane IS, Mandl KD, Taylor PL, Holm IA, Nigrin DJ, Kunkel LM. Medicine. Reestablishing the researcher-patient compact. Science. 2007 May 11; 316(5826):836-7.

• Hyun I, Taylor P, Testa G, Dickens B, Jung KW, McNab A, Robertson J, Skene L, Zoloth L. Ethical standards for human-to-animal chimera experiments in stem cell research. Cell Stem Cell. 2007 Aug 16; 1(2):159-63.

• Taylor P, Bourgeois FC, Mandl KD. Access controls for a pediatric personally controlled health record. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2007; 1131.

• Taylor PL. Rules of engagement. Nature. 2007 Nov 8; 450(7167):163-4.
  

• Bourgeois FC, Taylor PL, Emans SJ, Nigrin DJ, Mandl KD. Whose personal control? Creating private, personally controlled health records for pediatric and adolescent patients. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2008 Aug 28.

• Taylor P. Personal genomes: when consent gets in the way. Nature. 2008 Nov 6; 456(7218):32-3.

• Hyun I, Lindvall O, Ahrlund-Richter L, Cattaneo E, Cavazzana-Calvo M, Cossu G, De Luca M, Fox IJ, Gerstle C, Goldstein RA, Hermerén G, High KA, Kim HO, Lee HP, Levy-Lahad E, Li L, Lo B, Marshak DR, McNab A, Munsie M, Nakauchi H, Rao M, Rooke HM, Valles CS, Srivastava A, Sugarman J, Taylor PL, Veiga A, Wong AL, Zoloth L, Daley GQ. New ISSCR guidelines underscore major principles for responsible translational stem cell research. Cell Stem Cell. 2008 Dec 4; 3(6):607-9.

• Taylor PL. The Ethics of Protocells—Moral and Social Implications of Creating Life in the Laboratory. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2009; 2(85):140-141.

• Taylor PL. Scientific self-regulation-so good, how can it fail? Commentary on "The problems with forbidding science". Sci Eng Ethics. 2009 Sep; 15(3):395-406.

• Taylor PL. Retroactive ethics in rapidly developing scientific fields. Cell Stem Cell. 2009 Jun 5; 4(6):479-82.

• Skene L, Testa G, Hyun I, Jung KW, McNab A, Robertson J, Scott CT, Solbakk JH, Taylor P, Zoloth L. Ethics report on interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer research. Cell Stem Cell. 2009 Jul 2; 5(1):27-30.

• Zarzeczny A, Scott C, Hyun I, Bennett J, Chandler J, Chargé S, Heine H, Isasi R, Kato K, Lovell-Badge R, McNagny K, Pei D, Rossant J, Surani A, Taylor PL, Ogbogu U, Caulfield T. iPS cells: mapping the policy issues. Cell. 2009 Dec 11; 139(6):1032-7.
  
  
• Taylor PL. State Payer Mandates to Cover Care in US Oncology Trials: Do Science and Ethics Matter? J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010 Mar 2.
  
  
• Kohane IS, Taylor PL. Multidimensional results reporting to participants in genomic studies: getting it right. Sci Transl Med. 2010 Jun 23;2(37):37cm19.
  
  
• Taylor PL, Barker RA, Blume KG, Cattaneo E, Colman A, Deng H, Edgar H, Fox IJ, Gerstle C, Goldstein LS, High KA, Lyall A, Parkman R, Pitossi FJ, Prentice ED, Rooke HM, Sipp DA, Srivastava A, Stayn S, Steinberg GK, Wagers AJ, Weissman IL. Patients beware: commercialized stem cell treatments on the web. Cell Stem Cell. 2010 Jul 2;7(1):43-9. Epub 2010 Jun 17.
  
  
• Taylor PL. Overseeing innovative therapy without mistaking it for research: a function-based model based on old truths, new capacities, and lessons from stem cells. J Law Med Ethics. 2010 Summer;38(2):286-302.
  
  
• Taylor PL. Long Shadow of the Stem Cell Ruling. Nature, Volume 467, pages 1031-1033 (Oc.t 28, 2010)
  
  

• Taylor PL. Responsibility rewarded: ethics, engagement, and scientific autonomy in the labyrinth of the minotaur. Cell Neuron 2011 May 26;70(4):577-81. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.009.

• Cassa CA, Savage SK, Taylor PL, Green RC, McGuire AL, Mandl KD.  Disclosing pathogenic genetic variants to research participants: Quantifying an emerging ethical responsibility.  Genome Res. 2012 Mar;22(3):421-8. Epub 2012 Jan 6.

• Harris ED, Ziniel SI, Amatruda JG, Clinton CM, Savage SK, Taylor PL, Huntington NL, Green RC, Holm IA.  The beliefs, motivations and expectations of parents who have enrolled their children in a genetic biorepository.  Genet Med. 2012 Mar;14(3):330-7. doi: 10.1038/gim.2011.25. Epub 2012 Jan 26.

• Kaye J, Curren L, Anderson N, Edwards K, Fullerton SM, Kanellopoulou N, Lund D, Macarthur DG, Mascalzoni D, Shepherd J, Taylor PL, Terry SF, Winter SF.  From patients to partners: participant-centric initiatives in biomedical research. Nat Rev Genet. 2012 Apr 3. doi: 10.1038/nrg3218. [Epub ahead of print].PMID:22473380

• Holm I & Taylor, PL [co-firstauthors].  The Informed Cohort Oversight Board: From values to architecture.  2012 Minn. J. Law, Science and Tech. __:__

Research Interests

• Health care law and policy
• Administrative law, generally and in its application to novel problems and changing legal landscapes
• Contract law and antitrust, both generally and in relationship to biomediocal and health care agreement networks
• Regulation of scientific discovery and medical innovation, generally and as applied to stem cells, genetics, genomics and bioinformatics
• Research ethics and research compliance
• Evolving concepts of professionalism and professional identity in science, medicine and law
• Legal anomalies
• Multidisciplinary empirical research in law and medicine

Education

• Columbia University Law School, J.D., 1986

  Teaching Fellow in Civil Procedure
  Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar (1984, 1985, 1986)

• University of Wisconsin-Madison, B.A. summa cum laude, 1982
  Zoology and Philosophy
  Phi Beta Kappa
  

  Dean's List
  Graduation with Distinction
  

Postdoctoral Training

2005, Bioethics Program
Harvard Medical School Department of Social Medicine, Division of Medical Ethics

2007-2008, Fellowship in Medical Ethics
Harvard Medical School, Department of Social Medicine, Division of Medical Ethics

2008-2009, Program in Leadership Development
Harvard Business School

Academic Appointments

2005-present
Harvard Medical School
Assistant Clinical Professor (2008)
Lecturer

1999-2001
Albany Medical College
Adjunct Professor

1997-1999
Albany Law School
Lecturer

1997-2001
Albany Medical College Center for Medical Ethics, Education & Research
Associate

1985-1986
Columbia University Law School
Teaching Fellow

Previous Experience

Children's Hospital Boston (2001-present)
Staff Scientist, Ethics Analysis and Applications in the Informatics Program and
Former Deputy General Counsel and Chief Counsel for Research Affairs

Albany Medical Center (1996-2001)
Senior Vice President and General Counsel

New York State Assembly (1995-1996)
Senior Counsel to the Assembly
Chief of Staff, Committee on Education

Executive Chamber, New York Governor, Mario M. Cuomo (1991-1994)
Assistant Counsel for Health and Human Services

New York City Office of Corporate Counsel, Appeals Division (1988-1991)
Assistant Corporate Counsel

• Award for Outstanding Achievement of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York
• Corporate Counsel's Award for Outstanding Promise in Public Service Law

Cravath, Swaine and Moore (1986-1988)
Associate Attorney

Professional Associations

Health Section of the New York State Bar Association
Chair, In-House Counsel Committee
Vice-Chair, Legislation Committee
Member, Executive Committee

International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR)
Co-chair, Standards Committee
Chair, Registry Committee
Member, Ethics and Public Policy Committee
Member, Task Force on Guidelines for Conduct of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research
Member, Task Force on Clinical Translation of Stem Cells

California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (CIRM)
Member, Standards Working Group